26- نحو سياسة حماية اجتماعية متكاملة لكبار السن رعاية وتمكين واستثمار/ Towards an Integrated Social Protection Policy for the Elderly: Care, Empowerment and Investment.
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معهد التخطيط القومي
Abstract
تتناول الورقة تحديات وفرص الحماية الاجتماعية للمسنين في مصر في ظل توقع دخول البلاد مرحلة الشيخوخة بحلول عام 2030. وتطرح رؤية تعتمد على ثلاثة محاور: الرعاية، التمكين، والاستثمار، بهدف تحويل كبار السن من عبء محتمل إلى طاقة إنتاجية ومورد اقتصادي. تشير الورقة إلى قصور في التغطية الاجتماعية، خاصة لمن عملوا في القطاع غير الرسمي، وارتفاع الأمية بين المسنين، وضعف الخدمات المقدمة لهم. واستنادًا إلى الدستور وقانون رعاية حقوق المسنين الصادر عام 2024، تقدم الورقة مجموعة من التوصيات أبرزها: تطوير الرعاية الصحية الأولية، إصدار اللائحة التنفيذية للقانون، حسم الإطار المؤسسي، إجراء مسوح دورية عن أوضاع كبار السن، تأسيس تخصص طب الشيخوخة، تشجيع القطاع الخاص على الاستثمار في صحة المسنين، وتحفيز اندماج القطاع غير الرسمي ضمن المنظومة الرسمية. كما تدعو إلى زيادة المنافع التقاعدية، ورفع سن التقاعد للأصحاء، وتطبيق ترتيبات عمل مرنة لتشجيع استمرارهم في النشاط الاقتصادي.
This paper addresses the challenges and opportunities of social protection for the elderly in Egypt, as the country is expected to enter an aging phase by 2030, with those aged 65 and above comprising 7.3% of the population. It proposes a comprehensive vision based on three interconnected pillars: care, empowerment, and investment—aimed at transforming older adults from a potential burden into a productive and valuable economic asset. The paper highlights existing gaps in social coverage, particularly for those who have worked in the informal sector, high illiteracy rates among the elderly—especially women—and limited government services provided to them. Building on Egypt’s 2014 Constitution and the Elderly Rights Care Law issued in 2024, the paper puts forward a set of recommendations including: enhancing primary healthcare services, issuing a clear executive regulation for the law, resolving institutional overlaps, conducting regular surveys on elderly conditions, establishing geriatrics as an independent medical specialty, encouraging private sector investment in elderly health, and incentivizing the integration of the informal sector. The paper also calls for increasing pension benefits, raising the retirement age for healthy and educated seniors, and introducing flexible work arrangements to support their continued economic participation.
This paper addresses the challenges and opportunities of social protection for the elderly in Egypt, as the country is expected to enter an aging phase by 2030, with those aged 65 and above comprising 7.3% of the population. It proposes a comprehensive vision based on three interconnected pillars: care, empowerment, and investment—aimed at transforming older adults from a potential burden into a productive and valuable economic asset. The paper highlights existing gaps in social coverage, particularly for those who have worked in the informal sector, high illiteracy rates among the elderly—especially women—and limited government services provided to them. Building on Egypt’s 2014 Constitution and the Elderly Rights Care Law issued in 2024, the paper puts forward a set of recommendations including: enhancing primary healthcare services, issuing a clear executive regulation for the law, resolving institutional overlaps, conducting regular surveys on elderly conditions, establishing geriatrics as an independent medical specialty, encouraging private sector investment in elderly health, and incentivizing the integration of the informal sector. The paper also calls for increasing pension benefits, raising the retirement age for healthy and educated seniors, and introducing flexible work arrangements to support their continued economic participation.
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Cairo