| dc.description.abstract | This research attempted to address the various aspects of the land reclamation process with the aim of contributing to the development of an institutional framework for the acquisition and exploitation of new lands in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development. To achieve this goal, this research was divided into four chapters.
The first chapter dealt with the current reality of agricultural land in terms of its area and the form of its possession, as it explained that this reality suffers from two main problems: that the per capita share of agricultural land is constantly decreasing, and that the agricultural holding suffers from fragmentation. The treatment of these two problems made the process of reclaiming new lands an urgent necessity. However, the research showed that despite the efforts that have been made in this field, they still do not meet the ambition that the state aspires to, as the reclaimed area during the period (2010-2020) only reached (477) thousand acres, which made the state adopts in the recent period a national project for land reclamation.
As for the second chapter, it dealt with the new land management and exploitation policies, both in relation to the management of these lands in the light of the experiences and principles of the United Nations represented by the World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), especially by reviewing the so-called United Nations Decade of Family Farming (2019-2028) for what this agriculture is important in achieving integration with the large holdings of investors and companies in order to form new urban communities that contribute to reducing population concentration in old land sites or providing the necessary water to irrigate the areas to be reclaimed. Then, this chapter reviewed the most important goals of the sustainable agricultural development strategy related to land reclamation and concluded with some insights into the exploitation of the new lands for their sustainability.
The third chapter dealt with fish farming projects, the exploitation and development of desert lands, and the integration of fisheries activity with other agricultural activities, considering that this pattern of new land exploitation patterns constitutes one of the most important of these patterns, whether in terms of achieving the greatest possible benefit from the available water resources, or increasing the productivity of the land unit and overcoming the many problems that may face the process of exploiting these lands by reviewing the most important local and international models for projects that are based on integrated agriculture.
As for the last chapter, it was clear that achieving an integrated institutional framework for the exploitation of new lands requires many conditions, the most important of which are: the establishment of appropriate infrastructure, the development of scientific research and mentorship, and the development of appropriate supply chains. The provision of appropriate investment is considered the cornerstone for achieving these requirements. Therefore, this chapter deals with agricultural investment, both in terms of its current reality and the problems it faces, and presents some proposals to stimulate this investment. This chapter concludes with some proposals for the development of an institutional framework for the sustainable exploitation of new lands in the reclamation and exploitation phases. | |
