for a long time economists have been very keen to draw a distinct line between what should be considered as falling within the domain of economic science and what should not. it has been always emphatically stated that ...

Since the beginning of the year 1965, research group as been formed in the Operation Research Center of the INPC, with the aim of studying the problem of Model- building for planning purposes, the final objective is to ...

t is a common practice in economic literature to consider the credit market as composed of two parts: the first is associated with use of funds for long term purpose , especially those related to fixed capital formation. ...

This study explores the importance of consistency in economic balances, emphasizing that the values of resources and uses should match corresponding physical flows. It highlights the need for stable flow values when ...

This study explores international debt models, focusing on Alter’s model and its analysis of alternative debt constraints and their implications. It critiques the inadequacy of Alter’s conditions and introduces the Shahid ...

This study analyzes the mathematical formula for fixed annuities and the impact of single loans on cash flows. It explores the formulas with time lags and loan replacements, identifying advantage criteria in both the ...

The study explores Mr. Qayum’s model for evaluating loan advantages considering gestation periods and repayment lags. It presents a mathematical framework defining the advantage criterion to assess financial efficiency, ...